Selected W B Langdon Publications

W.B.Langdon . 15 October 2009 (Last updated 7 Feb 2019)

Go to Books, Edited Books, Plenary Talks, Recent papers 2017,
Selected papers: 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2001, 2000, 1999, 1998, 1997, 1996, 1995 joint papers,
Bioinformatics and GeneChips coauthored papers. (Informal).

All papers. BibTeX references of all my genetic programming papers can be found by clicking here.

Books

A Field Guide to Genetic Programming, R. Poli and W. B. Langdon and N. F. McPhee, with contributions by J.R. Koza, lulu.com, 2008. 250 pages.
Foundations of Genetic Programming, W. B. Langdon and R. Poli, Springer, 2002. 274 pages.
Genetic Programming and Data Structures, W. B. Langdon, Kluwer, 1998, 292 pages. (GECCO'2000 tutorial slides).

Edited Books, Proceedings and Events

Keynote Talks

Recent Papers

2017

Selected papers

2017 all

Genetic Improvement of GPU Software, William B. Langdon Brian Yee Hong Lam, Marc Modat, Mark Harman, and Justyna Petke, Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines (online first). DOI:10.1007/s10710-016-9273-9 PDF

2015 all

Software is Not Fragile, William B. Langdon and Justyna Petke. In CS-DC 2015, Complex Systems 2015 World e-Conference, 30 September - 1 October 2015, Invited paper. Springer. PDF DOI slides presentation.
more
Grow and Graft a better CUDA pknotsRG for RNA pseudoknot free energy calculation, William B. Langdon and Mark Harman, In GI 2015, pp805-810. DOI PDF Slides
Download pknotsGI.tar.gz
Improving CUDA DNA Analysis Software with Genetic Programming, William B. Langdon and Brian Yee Hong Lam and Justyna Petke and Mark Harman, in GECCO 2015, pp1063-1070. DOI PDF Slides FTP kit
Download barracuda_0.7.107 more
Optimising Existing Software with Genetic Programming, William B. Langdon and Mark Harman, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Feb 2015, 19(1), 118-135. DOI Draft supplementary info. Slides. 1 page summary, FTP kit

2014 all

Mycoplasma Contamination in The 1000 Genomes Project, W. B. Langdon, BioData Mining, 7(3). Draft doi:10.1186/1756-0381-7-3
Optimising Existing Software with Genetic Programming, William B. Langdon and Mark Harman, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Accepted. DOI Draft supplementary info. Slides. FTP kit

2012 all

In Silico Infection of the Human Genome, W. B. Langdon and M. J. Arno, In EvoBIO 2012, Mario Giacobini and Leonardo Vanneschi and William Bush Eds., LNCS 7246, pp245-249, 11-13 April, Malaga, Spain. DOI PDF slides
See journal article.
More Mouldy Data: Virtual Infection of the Human Genome, W. B. Langdon and M. J. Arno, Technical Report RN/11/14.
arXiv:1106.4192 More Mouldy Data: Another mycoplasma gene jumps the silicon barrier into the human genome. suplementary data directory (poster).
blog slashdot blogspot
Amara D. Angelica. Der Spiegel, Verseuchte Datenbanken, 04.07.2011 page 120. Genbanken von Bakterien infiziert science.orf.at, 28.06.2011. Mouldy chips New Scientist, 60 Seconds, volume 211, no 2821, page 5, 16 July 2011

2011 all

Graphics Processing Units and Genetic Programming: An overview, W. B. Langdon. Soft Computing, Volume 15, Number 8, pp. 1657-1669, DOI PDF
Elementary Bit String Mutation Landscapes, W. B. Langdon. In Foundations of Genetic Algorithms, Hans-Georg Beyer and W.B. Langdon, editors, Schwarzenberg, Austria, 5-9 Jan 2011, pages 25--42. (doi: PDF gzip ps).
Integer sequence A176296 of Eigen values (Matlab code).
2-bit Flip Mutation Elementary Fitness Landscapes, W. B. Langdon. Research Note RN/10/04, 15 Sept 2010, Department of Computer Science, University College, London.
Slides presented at Dagstuhl Seminar 10361, Theory of Evolutionary Algorithms. (PDF)

2010 all

A Survey of Spatial Defects in Homo Sapiens Affymetrix GeneChips, W. B. Langdon and G. J. G. Upton and R. da Silva Camargo and A. P. Harrison, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, 7(4) 647-653 oct-dec 2010. (DOI PubMed 21030732 PDF gzip ps). R code.
Evolving a CUDA Kernel from an nVidia Template, W.B. Langdon and M. Harman. In CIGPU (WCCI) 2010, pages 2376-2383, 18-23 July, Barcelona. PDF gzip ps doi Slides Grammar etc
Evolving gzip matches Kernel from an nVidia CUDA Template, W.B. Langdon and M. Harman. Technical report TR-10-02, 5 Feb 2010, Department of Computer Science, King's College, London.
Animation
Slides presented at invited talk to NCAF 2010. Handout, technical report TR-10-07.
Efficient Multi Objective Higher Order Mutation Testing with Genetic Programming, William B. Langdon and Mark Harman and Yue Jia, Journal of Systems and Software, 83 (2010) 2416-2430. PDF DOI
Slides presented at Crest Open Workshop on Mutation Testing, 27 October 2010.

2009 all

Scaling of Program Functionality, W.B. Langdon, Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines (2009) 10(1) 5-36, doi:10.1007/s10710-008-9065-y (preprint PDF)
A Fast High Quality Pseudo Random Number Generator for nVidia CUDA, W. B. Langdon. Presented at CIGPU 2009, pp2511-2513. (PDF, C code DOI).

2008 all

GP on SPMD parallel Graphics Hardware for mega Bioinformatics Data Mining, W.B. Langdon and A.P. Harrison, in Soft Computing, October 2008, 12(12) 1169-1183. doi:10.1007/s00500-008-0296-x PDF gzip ps
GSE3494 dataset.
A SIMD interpreter for Genetic Programming on GPU Graphics Cards, W.B. Langdon and W. Banzhaf, In M. O'Neill, L. Vanneschi, A.I. Esparcia Alcazar, S. Gustafson eds., EuroGP 2008, pp73-85, LNCS 4971, 26-28 March, Naples. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-78671-9_7 PDF (more)

2007 all

Evolving Problems to Learn About Particle Swarm Optimizers and Other Search Algorithms, W. B. Langdon and Riccardo Poli, IEEE Transaction of Evolutionary Computation, 11(5) 561-578 PDF doi.

2006 all

The Halting Probability in von Neumann Architectures, W. B. Langdon and R. Poli, (PDF gzipped postscript), Slides presented at EuroGP-2006, LNCS 3905, 10-12 April 2006, Budapest, p225-237 Springer doi:10.1007/11729976_20
Two page summary available as technical report CSM-456.
On Turing complete T7 and MISC F-4 program fitness landscapes, W. B. Langdon and R. Poli. Technical report CSM-445, ISSN 1744-8050, Dec 2005, Essex University.
Dagstuhl PDF

2005 all

The Distribution of Amorphous Computer Outputs, W. B. Langdon. Position paper (eprint) at The Grand Challenge in Non-Classical Computation: International Workshop, Susan Stepney and Stephen Emmott Editors, 18-19 April 2005, York, UK.
Repeated Sequences in Linear Genetic Programming Genomes, William B. Langdon and Wolfgang Banzhaf, Complex Systems 15 (4) pp285-306. (PDF gzipped postscript). Extends GECCO'2004 late breaking paper. Data set

2004 all

Global Distributed Evolution of L-Systems Fractals, W. B. Langdon. Presented at EuroGP'2004, LNCS 3003, 5-7 April 2004 Coimbra, Portugal, p349-358 PDF at Springer-Verlag. PDF ps.gz pfeiffer.html poster.
RN/04/13 gives all the snow flakes evolved during the trial period (PDF) (gzip postscript).
Genetic Programming in Data Mining for Drug Discovery, W. B. Langdon and S. J. Barrett, Chapter 10 in Evolutionary Computing in Data Mining, Ashish Ghosh and Lakhmi C. Jain editors, Physica Verlag, pages 211-235, 2004. (PDF, ps.gz) Has been used in CMU drug course.

2003 all

Predicting Biochemical Interactions - Human P450 2D6 Enzyme Inhibition, W. B. Langdon and S. J. Barrett and B. F. Buxton. CEC 2003, pages 807-814, 8-12 Dec, Canberra. (PDF, ps.gz). Slides
The distribution of Reversible Functions is Normal, W. B. Langdon. Chapter 11, in Genetic Programming Theory and Practise, Rick L. Riolo and Bill Worzel (editors), pp173-188, Kluwer, 2003. GP series number 6. Slides presented at GP Workshop on Theory/Practice, 15-17 May 2003, University of Michigan. PDF ps.gz

2002 all

How many Good Programs are there? How Long are they? W. B. Langdon (PDF, ps.gz). Presented at FOGA 2002, Kenneth A. De Jong and Riccardo Poli and Jonathan E. Rowe (editors) pp183-202, Morgan Kaufmann.
Convergence Rates for the Distribution of Program Outputs, W. B. Langdon, in GECCO 2002: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, New York, pp812-819, Morgan Kaufmann, 2002. (PDF, ps.gz). Slides Presented at GECCO'2002
Short version presented at BNAIC 2002 (PDF, ps.gz) (2 pages)

2001 all

Genetic Programming for Combining Classifiers W. B. Langdon and B. F. Buxton. Presented at GECCO'2001, pp 66-73, Morgan Kaufmann. (gzipped postscript, PDF) Ensemble modeling.
Evolving Hand-Eye Coordination for a Humanoid Robot with Machine Code Genetic Programming, William B. Langdon and Peter Nordin (gzipped postscript). DOI:10.1007/3-540-45355-5_25 Presented at EuroGP'2001 (Elvis movie and summary). (springer)

2000 all

Quadratic Bloat in Genetic Programming (ps.gz) (html). Presented at GECCO'2000
Seeding Genetic Programming Populations, (gzipped postscript pdf) Presented at EuroGP'2000
Genetic Programming Approach to Benelearn 99: I (gzip ps) II (PDF)
William B. Langdon. Size fair and homologous tree genetic programming crossovers. Genetic Programming And Evolvable Machines, 1(1/2):95-119, April 2000. (pdf gzip ps)

1999 all

Scaling of Program Tree Fitness Spaces, W. B.Langdon, Evolutionary Computation 7(4): 399-428 doi:10.1162/evco.1999.7.4.399 (PDF ps.gz) (slides).
William B. Langdon, Terry Soule, Riccardo Poli, and James A. Foster. The evolution of size and shape. In Lee Spector, William B. Langdon, Una-May O'Reilly, and Peter J. Angeline, editors, Advances in Genetic Programming 3, chapter 8, pages 163-190. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, May 1999 ch08.ps.gz. (slides, 187kb, Java movie of evolution of best of generation phenotype, 276kb).

1998 all

Why "Building Blocks" Don't Work on Parity Problems CSRP-98-17 (html).
Fitness Causes Bloat: Mutation, (PDF) presented at EuroGP '98 (technical report).
Why Ants are Hard (CSRP-98-04 html) Presented at GP-98.
The Evolution of Size in Variable Length Representations (PDF gzip ps) presented at WCCI '98 (poster).

1997 all

Fitness Causes Bloat (html) (Second best paper overall award at WSC2)
An Analysis of the MAX Problem in Genetic Programming (in GP-97)
Scheduling Maintenance of Electrical Power Transmission PDF MS Postscript Chapter 10, Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Power Systems, pp 220-237 K. Warwick, A.O. Ekwue and R. Aggarwal, 1997, IEE

1996 all

Phd Thesis Genetic Programming and Data Structures, University College, London, 1996, 350 pages.
Data Structures and Genetic Programming (in AiGP2)

1995 all

Evolving Data Structures Using Genetic Programming, In L. Eshelman editor, Genetic Algorithms: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference (ICGA95), pages 295-302, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 1995 (PDF postscript).
RN/95/71 Summary of directing crossover locations in a multi-tree GP, as used with list data structures (PDF ps)

Selected joint (co-authored) papers all

Babel Pidgin: SBSE can grow and graft entirely new functionality into a real world system, Mark Harman and Yue Jia and William B. Langdon, In SSBSE Challenge, Marcio Barros Ed., SSBSE 2014, LNCS 8636, 247-252, Fortaleza, Brazil, Springer. Winner SSBSE 2014 Challange PDF DOI Babel Pidgin flickr
Using Genetic Improvement and Code Transplants to Specialise a C++ Program to a Problem Class, Justyna Petke and Mark Harman and William B. Langdon and Westley Weimer, In EuroGP-2014, Miguel Nicolau and Krzysztof Krawiec and Malcolm Heywood eds., LNCS 8599, pp137-149, Springer. PDF DOI
Winner of Silver at GECCO 2014 Humie slides
Unexpected presence of mycoplasma probes on human microarrays, Estibaliz Aldecoa-Otalora Astarloa and William B. Langdon and Phil Cunningham and Matthew J. Arno, BioTechniques, Vol. 47, No. 6, pp1013-1016, December 2009. doi 10.2144/000113271, PubMed 20047202 PDF (Supplementary Material).
Also BioData Mining article on mycoplasma in the 1000 genomes project.
See also Der Spiegel and EvoBIO 2012.
more
A Survey of Spatial Defects in Homo Sapiens Affymetrix GeneChips, W. B. Langdon and G. J. G. Upton and R. da Silva Camargo and A. P. Harrison, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, 7(4) 647-653 oct-dec 2010. (DOI PubMed 21030732 PDF gzip ps). R code.
G-spots cause incorrect expression measurement in Affymetrix microarrays, Graham J.G. Upton, William B. Langdon, Andrew P. Harrison, BMC Genomics, 9:613, 2008. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-9-613
The Structure of the Genetic Programming Collaboration Network. Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines, 8(1) pp97-103 2007. Marco Tomassini, Leslie Luthi, Mario Giacobini and William B. Langdon 10.1007/s10710-006-9018-2
Markov Chain Models of Bare-Bones Particle Swarm Optimizers. R. Poli and W. B. Langdon, GECCO, pages 142-149, London, 7-11 July 2007. PDF
On the Limiting Distribution of Program Sizes in Tree-based Genetic Programming, R. Poli and W. B. Langdon and Stephen Dignum, Best paper award at EuroGP 2007 pp 193-204, doi:10.1007/978-3-540-71605-1_18
Technical report CSM-464, Computer Science, University of Essex, UK, Dec 2006.
Backward-chaining Evolutionary Algorithms Riccardo Poli and William B. Langdon, Artificial Intelligence 170(11) pp953-982 August 2006. (PDF)
An elementary formulation of Riemann's Zeta function, Riccardo Poli and W. B. Langdon, Technical report CSM-442, Computer Science, University of Essex, UK, Dec 2005.
arXiv.org > math > math/0701160
Evolution of Force-Generating Equations for PSO using GP, Cecilia Di Chio, Riccardo Poli, William B. Langdon, AI*IA 2005 Workshop on Evolutionary Computation Winner of best paper award.
Extending Particle Swarm Optimisation via Genetic Programming. Riccardo Poli, William B. Langdon, Owen Holland, EuroGP-2005, pages 291-300, PDF
An Estimation of Distribution Algorithm Based on Maximum Entropy, Alden Wright, Riccardo Poli, Christopher R. Stephens, W. B. Langdon and Sandeep Pulavarty, GECCO-2004 LNCS 3102, 343-354
Data Fusion by Intelligent Classifier Combination B. F. Buxton and W. B. Langdon and S. J. Barrett, Measurement and Control, vol 34, no. 8, p229-234, October 2001.
Awarded best paper prize by the Worshipful Company of Scientific Instrument Makers.
Martijn C. J. Bot and William B. Langdon Application of Genetic Programming to Induction of Linear Classification Trees (Presented at EuroGP'2000), ps-file
Fuey Sian Chong and W. B. Langdon Java based Distributed Genetic Programming on the Internet CSRP-99-7 Presented at GECCO'99
Riccardo Poli and William B. Langdon. Sub-machine-code genetic programming. In Lee Spector, William B. Langdon, Una-May O'Reilly, and Peter J. Angeline, editors, Advances in Genetic Programming 3, chapter 13, pages 301-323. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, May 1999.
J. Page, R. Poli, and W. B. Langdon. Smooth uniform crossover with smooth point mutation in genetic programming: A preliminary study. In Riccardo Poli, Peter Nordin, William B. Langdon, and Terence C. Fogarty, editors, Genetic Programming, Proceedings of EuroGP'99, volume 1598 of LNCS, pages 39-49, Goteborg, Sweden, 26-27 May 1999. Springer-Verlag.
Riccardo Poli and W. B. Langdon On the Search Properties of Different Crossover Operators in Genetic Programming. Presented at GP-98 (GP-98 paper).
Cf. CSRP-98-7 On the Ability to Search the Space of Programs of Standard, One-point and Uniform Crossover in Genetic Programming
Riccardo Poli W. B. Langdon, and Una-May O'Reilly Short Term Extinction Probability of Newly Created Schemata, and Schema Variance and Signal-to-Noise-Ratio Theorems in the Presence of Schema Creation CSRP-98-6 Presented at GP-98. Scientific research in action Photo
Riccardo Poli and W. B. Langdon Genetic Programming with One-Point Crossover and Point Mutation CSRP-97-8 In WSC2.
Riccardo Poli and W. B. Langdon A New Schema Theory for Genetic Programming with One-Point Crossover and Point Mutation CSRP-97-03 (A shorter version was presented at GP-97).

Selected Co-authored Bioinformatics papers all

Probes containing runs of guanine provide insights into the biophysics and bioinformatics of Affymetrix GeneChips, William B. Langdon and Graham J. G. Upton and Andrew P. Harrison, Briefings in Bioinformatics, 2009 10(3):259-277 doi:10.1093/bib/bbp018
BioRAT: extracting biological information from full-length papers, David P.A. Corney, Bernard F. Buxton, William B. Langdon, and David T. Jones Bioinformatics 2004 20(17):3206-3213 pre-print PDF doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bth386
UCL-CS Technical Report RN/03/17 (2003).
Genetic Programming for Mining DNA Chip data from Cancer Patients, W. B. Langdon and B. F. Buxton, Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines, 5 (3): 251-257, September 2004 (doi:10.1023/B:GENP.0000030196.55525.f7, PDF, ps.gz)

W.B.Langdon